In today’s world where terminology is frequently changing, the terms themselves and what is associated with them can often be confusing.

In the legal field, an example of this is the terms paralegal, legal assistant, and legal secretary. While they are all used on a regular basis, they can leave many people wondering what these roles consist of, as well as whether or not there is any significant difference between them.

After you have some of the basic facts, you should not find it all to be so confusing.

A legal secretary is precisely what the term implies.  Up until quite recently, this role was the one which most non-attorneys held in a law office.  Legal secretaries, who were usually female, were not much different from secretaries of any other type, with the exception that a legal secretary often had specialized training in order to be more knowledgeable about matters specific to the legal field, resulting in being more effective and efficient at the job.  While legal secretaries occasionally had a college degree, it was generally more up to the discretion of the employer rather than due to any professional requirements.

In contrast, when legal assistants became an everyday part of most law offices, the entirely different role necessitated more and different qualifications.  In taking a much more active role in the law office, a legal assistant needed to be much more familiar with all aspects of the legal system in general.  While working as a legal assistant was basically a matter of being a helper to an attorney, it was a job which consisted of a decidedly hands-on approach.

These days, the terms legal assistant and paralegal are often used interchangeably.  Although many who work in this field tend to prefer the latter term, there is actually not a difference between the two.  While the duties of a legal secretary consists primarily of a clerical nature, this is not the focus of a paralegal.

What do paralegals do?

Paralegals play a crucial role in the legal field by undertaking a broad range of tasks.

Their responsibilities typically encompass conducting legal research, drafting legal documents, assisting with trial preparation, and managing case files.

Additionally, they often serve as a communication bridge between clients and other legal professionals.

The majority of a paralegal’s work consists of legal duties;  although it is usually required that these duties are assigned and carried out under the direction of an attorney, it is generally a matter of the paralegal lightening the attorney’s workload by taking on responsibilities and tasks for which she is qualified.  For example, interviewing witnesses for a court case  is one such duty.  Instead of basic clerical work, a paralegal’s duties often include such examples as researching statistics, case information, and other facts which are vital to the attorney’s ongoing work.

In today’s world, the role of paralegal is often being filled by men.  While there are still more women paralegals, many men have also found this field to be both professionally and personally rewarding.  Although there were very few male legal secretaries in the past, the widening role and opportunities for paralegals have led many men to find this line of work to be quite appealing.

Conduct legal research

A significant portion of a paralegal’s responsibilities involves conducting comprehensive legal research to support ongoing cases. Paralegals, also known as legal assistants, are professionals who assist lawyers in various legal capacities. One of these capacities is to conduct legal research, a process that involves delving into law documents, past case histories, and legal statutes. This research is vital in preparing for court cases and advising clients.

A legal assistant who performs administrative and support tasks for attorneys will often spend a substantial amount of time sifting through legal documents to extract relevant information. This work is critical to lawyers who rely on the research skills of paralegals to provide the most accurate and up-to-date information possible.

Draft legal documents

In their day-to-day duties, paralegals are often tasked with drafting legal documents, a critical function in the legal process. Their role in law firms is indispensable, as they use their skills to prepare case files, affidavits, and other significant documents, contributing to the overall success of a case.

Drafting legal documents: This task, central to a paralegal job, includes creating and revising contracts, wills, and deeds.

Case preparation: Paralegals gather facts, research legal issues, and organize information to assist attorneys in case preparation.

Communication: They liaise between the law firm and clients or witnesses, ensuring smooth case progression.

The career of a paralegal is thus challenging yet rewarding, offering a significant contribution to the legal field. Knowing what is a paralegal and what their work entails provides a better understanding of their indispensable role.

Assist with trial preparation

Not only do they assist with document drafting and case preparation, but paralegals also perform an essential role in preparing for trials, a process that often includes a multitude of tasks.

Within a law firm, their job may involve organizing exhibits, drafting trial scripts, and coordinating witness preparation. These jobs require a high level of experience and training, which is often provided through a paralegal certification program.

As legal assistants, they often act as a liaison between the firm and the parties involved in cases. Their role is vital in ensuring that the firm’s legal proceedings run smoothly and effectively.

The experience gained in this role contributes significantly to their professional development within the legal sector.

Manage case files

Effective management of case files is a fundamental responsibility of paralegals, requiring meticulous attention to detail and a high level of organizational skill. In handling these matters, paralegals must maintain an orderly system for easy access and retrieval of files.

They often use credit cards to purchase necessary file management tools and software, which is included in their salary package.

A degree in paralegal studies often covers subjects like legal document management, proving beneficial in this aspect of their role.

The ability to manage case files efficiently can significantly affect a paralegal’s salary, as it is a highly valued skill in the legal profession.

Communicate with clients and other legal professionals

Paralegals often liaise with clients to gather essential information for their cases. They act as a conduit between the attorney and the client, providing updates, answering queries, and explaining legal processes in understandable terms. They also correspond with other legal professionals to ensure all parties stay informed and on the same page.

Similarly, paralegals coordinate with court personnel, opposing counsel, and others. They communicate case details and coordinate schedules. Their ability to effectively communicate complex legal issues and maintain a professional demeanor is crucial to case management.

In essence, a paralegal’s role involves not only legal knowledge but also considerable interpersonal and communication skills. They are an indispensable part of any legal team.

Examples of paralegal duties

Paralegals undertake a variety of critical tasks within the legal framework. Examples include:

• Researching case laws and statutes
• Drafting legal documents such as pleadings and motions
• Preparing for depositions and trials

Additionally, they:

• Manage client files and databases
• Communicate regularly with clients and other legal professionals about case status and developments.

Researching case law and statutes

One of the most critical duties that you, as a paralegal, will be responsible for is researching case law and statutes. This responsibility calls for a thorough understanding of legal principles and the ability to navigate complex legal databases.

In executing this duty, you may be required to:

• Review and interpret case law: This involves understanding the rulings and decisions made in past cases that are similar to the one you’re currently working on.
• Study and comprehend statutes: This includes reading, interpreting and applying laws enacted by the legislative branch.
• Prepare legal memoranda: After conducting research, you’ll need to compile your findings in a structured and legally sound manner, highlighting how they apply to your specific case.

This task requires tenacity, patience, and an eye for detail.

Drafting pleadings, motions, and other legal documents

A significant portion of a paralegal’s role involves the drafting of pleadings, motions, and other legal documents. These documents, critical to the legal process, require precision, attention to detail, and a deep understanding of legal language and formatting.

Pleadings, for instance, initiate lawsuits and outline the parties involved, their respective claims, and defenses. Motions, on the other hand, are applications to the court requesting orders or rulings. Paralegals may also draft discovery documents, such as interrogatories and requests for production, aiding in the information gathering process.

Furthermore, they may prepare affidavits, legal correspondence, and briefs, all of which require a command of legal terminology and strong writing skills. Hence, drafting legal documents forms a substantial and essential part of a paralegal’s duties.

Preparing for depositions and trials

In the realm of legal proceedings, preparation for depositions and trials constitutes a critical component of a paralegal’s responsibilities, and this involves an array of complex tasks. These duties demand meticulous attention to detail and a profound understanding of legal terminology and procedures.

Firstly, paralegals assist attorneys by preparing deposition notices, arranging for court reporters, and compiling relevant documents. They ensure that all necessary materials and witnesses are available for the deposition.

Secondly, paralegals play a substantial role in trial preparation. This includes organizing evidence, coordinating witnesses, and handling logistical details such as court filings and scheduling.

Lastly, during the trial, a paralegal might also manage exhibits, take notes, or provide general assistance to the attorney to ensure the smooth progression of court proceedings.

Managing client files and databases

Efficiency in managing client files and databases represents another integral aspect of a paralegal’s multifaceted role within the legal industry. This crucial responsibility includes organizing, updating, and maintaining a vast array of sensitive data. Paralegals often handle everything from initial client intake forms to complex case files, ensuring all information is accurate, secure, and easily accessible for attorneys.

With the rise of digitalization, paralegals are increasingly using advanced software to manage these databases. They must be comfortable navigating these systems, often receiving specialized training to do so. Their ability to effectively manage these files can significantly influence the efficiency of a law firm, from streamlining case preparation to enhancing client communication.

Thus, mastering this duty is paramount to a paralegal’s success.

Communicating with clients and other legal professionals about case status and developments

Not only does a paralegal need to be adept at handling information, but they must also be skilled in communicating with both clients and other legal professionals about the status and developments of cases. Clear, concise, and respectful communication is crucial in maintaining trust and a strong professional relationship.

Typically, a paralegal’s communication duties might include:

• Regularly updating clients about the progress of their case, including any significant developments or potential obstacles.
• Liaising with other legal professionals such as attorneys, court clerks, and expert witnesses, to coordinate and expedite case proceedings.
• Preparing and presenting detailed case reports to supervising attorneys, providing them with essential information necessary to guide their decision-making process.

These tasks require effective communication skills, patience, and professionalism.

Types of paralegals

The legal field offers a diverse range of paralegal specializations, each with its unique set of responsibilities and requirements. These specializations are typically defined by the type of law they deal with, and they often require a deep understanding of that specific area.

One of the most common types of paralegals is the corporate paralegal. They assist in preparing and maintaining corporate documents, researching legal issues, and coordinating the legal aspects of a company’s operations. They typically work for corporations or law firms that specialize in corporate law.

Another significant type is the litigation paralegal. They support attorneys throughout the litigation process, which includes investigating the facts of a case, preparing for trial, and assisting during the trial. They often work for law firms that specialize in litigation.

Family law paralegals specialize in matters related to family law such as divorce, custody, and adoption. They assist attorneys in drafting legal documents, conducting research, and preparing for court proceedings.

Estate planning paralegals are another type, focusing on matters like wills, trusts, and estates. They help in drafting legal documents, conducting legal research, and ensuring that all documents are properly filed.

Lastly, there are immigration paralegals who specialize in immigration law. They assist attorneys in preparing and filing documentation for immigration processes, and they often work with clients from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Benefits of being a paralegal

Several advantages come with pursuing a career as a paralegal, providing both personal fulfillment and professional growth. Paralegals often find their role to be both challenging and rewarding, offering opportunities to explore different aspects of law, interact with diverse clients, and make significant contributions to legal proceedings.

One of the most significant benefits of being a paralegal is the exposure to various legal disciplines. Paralegals work across different areas of law, such as family law, corporate law, and criminal law, offering a rich, diverse, and dynamic work experience. This exposure helps paralegals to develop a well-rounded understanding of the legal system, sharpening their analytical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Moreover, becoming a paralegal provides an excellent foundation for career advancement. Paralegals can leverage their practical experience and legal knowledge to move into more senior roles or transition into other fields within the legal industry. The profession offers an array of career paths, making it an attractive option for individuals seeking long-term career growth.

The benefits of being a paralegal include, but are not limited to:

• Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the legal system.
• Acquiring a wide range of transferable skills.
• Enjoying opportunities for career progression.

How to become a paralegal

Embarking on a career path towards becoming a paralegal involves a series of educational requirements and practical experiences, creating a unique journey for each individual.

The first step is usually gaining an associate’s degree or certificate in paralegal studies from an institution approved by the American Bar Association (ABA). Some individuals may opt for bachelor’s degrees, and while not always explicitly required, it can enhance job prospects significantly.

Following education, aspiring paralegals should consider participating in an internship or entry-level job in a legal setting to gain practical experience. This not only provides valuable exposure to the legal environment but also offers a chance to develop necessary skills such as legal research, document drafting, and case management.

Certification is another important aspect. Although not mandatory, a number of certification programs exist, demonstrating a high level of competence can make a candidate more attractive to potential employers. These certifications, such as the Certified Paralegal (CP) program or the Advanced Paralegal Certification (APC), are offered by organizations like the National Association of Legal Assistants (NALA).

Lastly, continuous professional development is crucial in a field that is constantly evolving. This could involve regular courses and seminars to stay abreast of legal updates and trends. Joining professional organizations can provide networking opportunities and access to resources that can aid in career development.

The journey to becoming a paralegal requires dedication, hard work, and a passion for law. Despite the challenges, the rewards of a fulfilling career in this dynamic field make the effort worthwhile.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is the Average Salary of a Paralegal?

The average salary of a paralegal varies depending on experience, location, and area of law. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in the United States, it was approximately $51,740 per year in 2019.

Are There Any Specific Software or Tools That Paralegals Need to Be Proficient In?

Paralegals should be proficient in specific software, including case management tools, Microsoft Office, and legal research databases like Westlaw or LexisNexis. Familiarity with e-filing systems may also be required depending on jurisdiction.

Is It Possible to Work as a Freelance Paralegal or Is It Typically a Full-Time Position?

Yes, it is possible to work as a freelance paralegal. Many law firms hire freelance paralegals on project basis. However, full-time positions are also common depending on the needs of the organization.

What Are the Typical Working Hours for a Paralegal?

Typically, paralegals work full-time with a standard 40-hour week. However, overtime may be required during peak times of legal activity. Freelance paralegals, on the other hand, may have more flexible working hours.

Can Paralegals Eventually Become Lawyers With Further Education and Training?

Yes, paralegals can become lawyers with further education and training. This typically involves earning a law degree and passing the bar examination, which are necessary steps to practice law professionally and independently.